The Union of Myanmar is a country rich in natural resources under and above ground in South East Asia. The country   is bordered by the People's Republic of China, The Lao People's Democratic Republic , The Kingdom of Thailand, The People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Republic of India. Because of access to its natural resources the nation rich in priceless raw materials and because of having various routes of Entry and Exit due to geographical position, the Bureau of Immigration was established on (1-8-1941 ) to serve the country's duties related to safeguarding the  race and religion of the Myanmar as the motto of immigration is  "A human race will not be extinct if  swallowed by the Earth. It will, if by another race."  The Bureau  came  under  the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 10-8-1945. The National Registration Department carrying out the tasks for citizens of Myanmar  was formed under the Ministry of Home Affairs on 1-8-1951. The Census Department was formed on 24-2-1950.

        The Immigration Department and the Registration Department were later changed to the Ministry of Immigration and National Registration on 1-6-1957 and the Census Department was included under the Ministry of Immigration and National Registration on 20-12-1958.

        According to the new constitutional  law, the Ministry of Immigration and National Registration was abolished on 15 March 1972. At that time the Immigration Department, the National Registration Department and the Census Department were brought together and reorganized as the Immigration and Manpower Department under the Ministry of Home and Religious Affairs. On 20 March 1970, according to Notification No: 23/92, the Ministry was changed to  the Ministry of Home Affairs and the  Ministry of Religious Affairs. The Department of Immigration and Manpower was organized under the Ministry of home Affairs.

        Myanmar strongly  believes  that  the  Earth  will not swallow  a  race to an  extinction  but  another  will. So the Motto of the  Ministry  became " Myanmar  shall  last while  the Earth  lasts, Myanmar People shall last  while  the Earth lasts" .And with  that  motto  the  State Law  Order  Restoration  Council  further  organized the Ministry  of  Immigration  and  Population  to carry  out  administrative  tasks according to the  Notification 31/95 of 15 June, 1995. Only one department of Immigration and Population was maintained under the Ministry  whereas  two departments such as Immigration and National Registration Department and Population Department was organized on 12-1-1998 and began its assignment of tasks.